Family Friendly Workplaces - 1223 Words

There is a vast amount of contest surrounding the issues of whether Australian workplaces are family friendly and are able to both accommodate and promote a healthy work-life balance for employees. This essay will discuss these issues by using evidence gathered from an array of both academic and secondary sources, with particular consideration being paid to the notion and ideal of a family friendly workplace existing within Australia. The first aspect that will be discussed is the concept of a family friendly workplace and specific examples of Australian workplaces that implement such practices will be explored. Second, the legislation and union involvement that is associated with implementing family friendly policies in Australian†¦show more content†¦51). As a part of their representation and constant struggle for the rights of workers and their families, the Australian Council of Trade Unions has addressed the need to have family friendly policies and practices, with an emphasis on work hours, introduced into Australian workplaces under law. Although Trade Unions play a fundamental role in the provision of family friendly policies, the public sector has been known to demonstrate a higher level of acceptance and willingness towards implementing family friendly initiatives, as opposed to the private sector (Ravenswood Markey 2011, p. 500). This suggests that organisational factors have an immense impact upon the unions’ ability to influence workplace policies, no matter what they are in relation to. A study conducted by Ravenswood Markey (2011) demonstrated evidence that family friendly policies and the influence of a union is far more imaginable and favourable within workplaces that fall into the category of the public sec tor (Ravenswood Markey 2011, p. 500). For organisations to be willing and amiable in moving towards implementing family friendly policies, there first needs to be a strong union in place and the existence of collective bargaining relationships with management for this to be a possibility (Ravenswood Markey 2011 p. 501). Although there is a level of legislation and unionShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources - the Family Friendly Workplace1077 Words   |  5 PagesCreating a family-friendly workplace is a strategy that more and more business are employing to keep their staff happy and productive. Although family-friendly workplace policies are often very expensive to implement, many employers feel that the rewards are worth the investment. Family friendly workplaces serve an employee’s needs by allowing them to better balance work and family, and fulfill the needs of the employer by increasing employee satisfaction and productivity, and reducing turnoverRead MoreAre Family-Friend Workplaces Positive or Negative for Business?1082 Words   |  4 PagesAre Family-Friend Workplaces Positive or Negative for Business? The paper will examine a developing business trend of Family-friendly workplaces the positive or negative benefits and the cost of family –friendly policies in business. Some employers now provide family-friendly benefits to their employees such as flexible work arrangements, childcare, eldercare and employee assistance programs but is this good. Researchers have analyzed the cost effectiveness of these practices and how it effectiveRead MoreManaging Work Family Practices At The Workplace851 Words   |  4 Pages3.0 Managing work-family practices at the workplace 3.1 Introduction The generalizability of published studies related to harmonising the work and family domains are uncertain. The topic have been carried out in several studies investigating on aspects such as influencing the impact of practices in particular frameworks (Wood Stephen, 2007; Beham et al., 2012; Stock et al., 2013). As earlier scholar in this work and family interaction, Rapoport and Rapoport (1965) reported that the effectivenessRead MoreSupervisor Attitudes About Employee Work/Life Issues1340 Words   |  6 Pagesissues are critical to the success of any work-family initiative and play an integral part of two of the four components of family-friendly workplaces: workplace culture and climate and workplace relationships (see Sloan Work and Family Encyclopedia entries Family-Friendly Workplace and Work-Family Culture). In fact, one might say that supervisor attitudes are hurdles that must be cleared in order for an organization to achieve any level of â€Å"family-friendly†. Supervisor Attitudes: Ajzen and FishbeinRead MoreGender And Its Effects On Society1188 Words   |  5 Pagesgender is very salient in our society, it often has effects on more than just the individual level. When analyzing the institutions of work and family, one can see the influence that gender has on levels of discrimination, particularly against women. In this essay, I will examine these gendered institutions and the resulting effects this can have on families. This discrimination is particularly evident in the gendered division of labor. While this division is considered â€Å"traditional,† the splittingRead MoreEssay about Busman1552 Words   |  7 PagesHRM needs to implement motivation techniques and family-friendly policies to keep these necessary staff members. - The Contexts of HR: - HR is affected by developments and trends in four significant contexts; a) Workplace attitudes: The changes in the workplace that could potentially affect HR include the changes in employee’s expectations, more workplace flexibility, greater recognition of workplace-life balance and of human diversity in workplaces. b) Developments in technology: The introductionRead MoreCase Analysis789 Words   |  4 Pagesa man who works long hours in an unrelenting job-he is expected to spend–and maybe really wants to spend–more time with his kids, engage in more family activities and take care of household chores. III. Main Problem Problem how to manage the stress of balancing work and family IV. Answer the Question 1. How do the pressure of the family/work balance differ for men and women? Work/life issues have long been portrayed as a women’s issue. And the fact is, even while holding downRead MoreA Brief Note On Break The Cycle Of Disadvantage We Should Look At It From The Perspective Of A Woman886 Words   |  4 Pagescycle of disadvantage we should look at it from the perspective of a woman in the workplace. Organisational culture needs to shift away from the perceived ideal worker and begin to embrace a new model to support women in the paid workforce. Research has shown that providing family friend benefits does not further segregate women. The implementation of family friendly programs has shown to broadly impact the workplace by increasing commitment and productivity (Casper Buffardi 2004). Research showsRead MoreHow American Sexism Has Changed Over The Years, But It Is Far From Perfect?853 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican sexism has changed dramatically over the years, but it is far from perfect. Today many women in America face sexism in many areas thr oughout their lives; especially in workplaces. Women face sexist stereotype that holds them back from rising up as corporate ladders, especially in jobs that have a high ratio of men compared to women. Sexist comments such as â€Å"women are weak to do this kind of job† , â€Å"these are men s jobs† and †women are too emotional to work† often causes a woman to be cautiousRead MoreInternal And External Influences That Help Shape Businesses871 Words   |  4 Pagesbusiness. The characteristics of the two organisational structures reflect the important influence management has on business such as having direct communication as opposed to a line of communication. However, direct communication and collaborative workplaces allow a more cohesive and inclusive business culture. Thus, driving the business towards productivity and success. Business culture: Culture is the values, ideas, expectations and beliefs shared and performed by the staff and managers of a business

Iris Van Herpen Exhibition Utrecht Free Essays

The New Craftsmanship Iris van Herpen? and her Inspiration â€Å"With my work I intend to show that fashion can certainly have an added value to the world† In the Centraal Museum of Utrecht, Netherlands, renowned fashion designer/artist Iris van Herpen (1984) exhibits a highly personal side of her work for the public from 29 June until 9 October 2011. By contrasting her designs with what worked as the inspiration behind them, van Herpen’s futuristic approach to fashion is displayed with art dating back to the sixteenth to the nineteenth century creating an unusual opposition in the general mood of the show. In addition to a contrast between old and new, one will also find work by other contemporary artists that have inspired van Herpen or collaborated with her. We will write a custom essay sample on Iris Van Herpen Exhibition Utrecht or any similar topic only for you Order Now These include artists such as American-born sculptor Kris Kuksi; Dutch choreographer Nanine Linning; hat designers Stephen Jones and Irene Bussemaker; Dutch artist Bart Hess who shares van Herpen’s futuristic approach in his work; and architect Daniel Widrig whose main influence in the show was with 3D printing. Upon entering the exhibition one enters a calm space with soft music playing in the background. Looking up towards the high raised ceiling you can see Nanine Linning’s opera inspired performance piece with van Herpen’s extravagant costumes and haute couture creations in larger than life projections on the bare white walls. Below these displays one would find the original costumes as seen in the performance. Referring back to the contrast between old and new, or rather ancient and innovative, it was interesting to note which of van Herpen’s designs were paired up with what ancient artefact and why. Leaving the theatricality of Linning behind, the show carries you away from the modernity of projectors through to a series of antique items including a bookshelf, chairs and tables as well as paintings by the popular Parisian painter Pierre Joseph Sauvage and an expensive silk wall panel from Lyon in France. These were shown next to one of van Herpen’s more ‘wearable’ garments, a dress, which could be assumed to be made of fabric containing metal threads, having been concentinaed to create a voluminous shape reminiscent of coral reefs. Similar to the layout of the exhibition, Van Herpen’s approach to fashion stems from the interaction between handmade, an old-fashioned method of construction, and innovation, through constant pursuit of new techniques and materials. One of van Herpen’s most recently discovered techniques is a form of rapid prototyping called 3D printing. This technology came into use in 2003 mainly for duplicating valuable artefacts for museums. Cleverly, through collaboration with architect Daniel Widrig, van Herpen uses this technology to create what looks like sculpted dresses or headgear, once again reminiscent of the shape of coral reefs or some sorts of skeletal forms. This side of van Herpen’s collection was shown alongside work of goldsmiths form the seventeenth-century. This juxtapose truly emphasized the origins of the inspiration for her designs. There was an apparent connection between the auricular styled crockery, plates, crowns etc. and her laser sintering technique. With further regard to the 3D printing technique, the designer herself believes, â€Å"it is a matter a time before we can print the clothing we wear today†. It is truly inspiring to see an artist of such a young age produce something that has the prospects of having a massive impact on the industry itself and, well, everything really. If we can produce our clothing with 3D printing technology, maybe we can also produce furniture through the same process, or even houses, maybe even bridges and buildings. Just imagine! As for the overall impression of the exhibition itself; the concept and story behind it was thoughtful and interesting, the layout was appealing, and the work itself was beautiful and innovative. How to cite Iris Van Herpen Exhibition Utrecht, Papers

Detecting Telecommunication Fraud-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Telecommunication Fraud. Answer: Introduction Fraudulent telecommunication activities are common through un-mastered computer systems. This project proposal presents the detection of the problem of telecommunication fraud using the various notable techniques of data analytics. The tools that are available to detect the potential telecommunication activities which are fraudulent comprise of a computer machine interfaced to receive a call information and putting it to record. Operators within the computer are used set up to compare the parameters in a current call with the past general practice of that particular subscriber. The output will indicate the areas where there is potential fraud(Palacios, 2016). The comparing tools use structured data analytics tools as presented in this report. Aims, objectives and possible outcomes Aims The purpose of detecting telecommunication fraud is to create an opportunity to identify key potential fraud areas, identify instances of fraudulent operations and catch up with it to safeguard a telecommunication system. The result is a system that is free from fraud to guarantee the interests of the management, system administrators, and the clients. Many institutions handle large volumes of call data subsequently. A minute can record up to 29 calls in a standard organization. Calls will always range from satisfaction complaints, suggestions and feedbacks from customers, dealers and the employees in their regular operations. Objectives The purpose of the report is to enable the users of a telecommunication system accurately pinpoint and eliminate fraud as a source of loss to an organization. The large amounts of communications data operated are difficult to verify their levels of being genuine. The only way to handle this task is the implementation of an automatic system for data analytics. Data will comprise of old calls of a particular caller, the current call record, and fraud results. Data mining tools are used to suspected call records mined from information haystack will be compared to records and display the results(Orlaith, 2016). Possible outcomes The resulting outcomes are scripts of call information branded as being fraud related. When the data analytics tools are implemented, there will be a higher possibility of detecting fraud in telecommunication, stop progress cases and a consequent investigation to safeguard the interests of the organization. The prevalent costs are the primary inhibiting factor for the implementation. A proper application of data analytics tools will enhance the process of achieving the overall goals of the organization. A successful process also improves the image of an organization to the publics and the investors(Omar, 2017). Few firms that are financially viable in the country have already adopted a fraud detection most reporting positive progress disregard of the accompanying costs in development. It forms a significant achievement in growth. All human and robotic fraud attempts are maintained(Salgado, 2016). Background of the problem Both the wireless systems and the systems that use transmission lines from telecommunication systems. Telecom fraud is an unauthorized usage in which the user has not yet paid for the services. Monitoring systems provide the apparatus and tools to detect the potential usages of such applications. Access to information is becoming essential in every field of business, government, and science with much increase in the use of wireless systems. Fraudulent usage of telecommunication systems is also on the rise causing up to a total of not less than $600 billion in a year, and the high figures have created a desirability for a system to detect and prevent those activities(Monde, 2017). The varieties of fraud include tumbling fraud using different IDs which are generated to place different calls. It is easy if pre-call verifications for the IDs are not conducted(Zolotov, 2017). The user identifications will then remain to be unassigned and cannot be billed. The calling card fraud is done by misappropriating a valid call card number and using it to make calls with billing done to the unsuspecting subscriber. Cloning fraud is associated with cellular systems through plundering a valid customer identification, cloning the ID into a mobile phone which is used for the billing made at the subscriber's ID. A tumbling-clone fraud hybrids the tumbling and the cloning type scams. Cellular phone calls are placed on successive customers' IDs all programmed into the telephone. The tumbling-clone fraud is harder to detect among all the others. Another type is the subscriber fraud conducted by a rather valid customer(Monde, 2017). The customer uses a system without the intention o f paying and continues to do so until access to the service is blocked. The current nature of the problem The analytics tools available include the spectral clustering technique, the cross-object relationships, the Recency, Frequency and Monetary method (RFM) and the Customer Lifetime Value. System implementation poses tremendous operating costs for business and hence acquisition is limited to big telecommunication companies. Furthermore, the nature of the problem is complex and needs to be regularly reviewed due to the flexible nature of fraud. Few service providers are available in the industry to be sourced which makes the prices to rise higher. The database nature of the fraud has also made it difficult to outsource services from external solution providers. The delicate natures of business and industry competitiveness call for extreme privacy in internal issues(Lopez, 2017). Data analytics scenario and methodology Formulation of the problem and data mining techniques The Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) is the leading approach used in data mining because of its effectiveness. The other methodology for conducting the process is the SEMMA. The ASUM-DM, Analytics Solution Unified Method for Data Mining has been released lately to refine and extend the CRISP-DM. The phases of the CRISP-DM will give the business and data understanding, preparation of data, modeling, evaluation, and deployment. In the telecommunication industry, it is hard to the next date, time and duration of the genuine subscribers(Jaratsri, 2017). Subscribers do not have a standard frequency of making calls even for the biggest customers. In solving the problem, customers are categorized using the loyalties perceived on them. The method will help to classified by their most likely next use. Data must be collected and analyzed according to types, the method of recording, their storage formats, and any other possible changes. The clustering method is the best to use when classifying subscribers data. It will ease prediction to analyze the data and a model that will be useful in future decision making. The analysis is done by the predictions for specific categories(Lersel, 2017). Data collection and organization strategy The Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining lays down the process for tackling the fraud problem. The data collected is prepared for the modeling stage. Data collection is followed by familiarization to identify the quality problems and get insights. Subsets are created to form hypotheses about hidden information. Preparation of data covers all activities concerning the subscribers to enable construction of a final dataset. It can be done for multiple times. The processes are done in data preparation cover past call records in tables, selection of the subscribers' characteristics and a transformation succeeded by cleaning of data in preparation for modeling. In the modeling phase, several techniques are available(Lersel, 2017). The parameters are attuned to optimal values. All the methods available for data mining will solve the same problem of fraudulent users in telecommunication and seem to have similar data from requirements. Data mining methods The Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) It has six phases as indicated below which are non-directional. The process is continuous even after finding the solution. It is required that the business is defined regarding its objectives. The purpose of the firm is the detection of fraud. The standard decision model is used as a design plan. The preliminary data collected must be analyzed to identify problems with its quality. Data subsets are also formed here. Data is cleaned up and attributed for a multiple of times. The final set of data is prepared to be fed in the modeling tools. The modeling methods have preset standard values with similar and specific data requirements(Itani, 2017). Models are built for data analysis according to the quality parameter. The steps executed in the construction of the models must be thoroughly reviewed to achieve telecommunication objectives. At deployment, data is presented to the administrators depending on their requirements. Report generation, data scoring, and data mining from things that should be considered. The client telecommunication firms are made to develop an appropriate business strategy. Sample, Explore, Modify, Model and Assess (SEMMA) model It is another statistics and computer intelligence support software that guides data mining. It is a logical functional tool for organizing data in a generalized manner(Longjun, 2017). Sampling involves selection of a large set of data for modeling sufficient information. Data is partitioned into small samples for efficiency. Data is then analyzed to understand relationships between the variables and the anomalies. Modification selects, create and transform the variables as the modeling phase creates models that will provide the desired output. Assessment is done to view the results regarding usefulness and reliability(Figueiras, 2016). The criticism on SEMMA is its focus on modeling alone. Analytics Solution Unified Method for Data Mining (ASUM-DM) It is an extension to CRISP-DM refined by the IBM computer company. It covers all the properties of the preluding application and extends it with a functionality of more detailed smaller sets which most analysts label as too complex reducing its popularity(Hofmann, 2016). Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) It describes technologies and methods to assist people in extracting information that is useful from volumes of information that expands rapidly. Evaluation of the results The assessment of results calls for an evaluation of data. The mining of results will be done hand-in-hand with the principles of business success. The models are acceptable according to world standards. The process is not a final process but a continuous process. The next thing is to outlay the solution and then formulate a decision. The model results must be tested on a simulation platform to access the accuracy levels(Darshana, 2017). Deployment of results into business The final phase of the CRISP-DM methodology is the implementation of the decision. It should be done within the first month to avoid a further loss of the business. The business has to develop appropriate strategies to comply the analysis solutions(Fahmi, 2017). Continuous monitoring and maintenance must be effected because the fraud environment evolves each day. The business findings must be documented in a final report for presentation to the client. An expert review of the documentation will eliminate possible errors. An error free documentation will provide the reference in succeeding analysis to prevent a repeat of the already perfectly handled areas which could create additional costs for the business and waste time on the already handled issue. Records also facilitate tracking of the identified fraud cases(Al-asadi, 2017). The client will be required to keep a regular contact with the analysts for support on any needed assistance. Bibliography Al-asadi, T., 2017. A Survey on Web Mining Techniques and Applications. International Journal of Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 7(4), pp. 1178-1184. Darshana, P., 2017. Privacy-Preserving Associative Classification.. Cham, Springer. Fahmi, N., 2017. Fuzzy Logic for an Implementation Environment Health Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, 2(4), pp. 119-122. Figueiras, P., 2016. Big Data Harmonization for Intelligent Mobility: On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems. Cham, Springer. Hofmann, C., 2016. A Two-Layer Method for Sedentary Behaviors Classification Using Smartphones. Tokyo, Springer. Itani, N., 2017. LINK MINING PROCESS. Journal of Technology and Science, 7(149), pp. 254-261. Jaratsri, R., 2017. Data Mining Techniques for Predicting. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, 2(4), pp. 95-99. Lersel, V., 2017. Going concern decision prediction using predictive analytics. Analytics, 1(9), pp. 43-44. Longjun, Z., 2017. Privacy-Preserving Data Mining on Big Data Computing Platform: Trends and Future. Cham, Springer. Lopez, J., 2017. Application of Data Mining Algorithms to Classify Biological Data. Cham, Springer. Monde, A., 2017. Application of Data Mining techniques to identify the significant patterns. Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch University. Omar, N., 2017. Home-Based Intrusion Detection System." (JTEC) 9.2-4 (2017): 107-111.. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic, and Computer Engineering, 2(4), pp. 107-111. Orlaith, M., 2016. Predicting Intake of Applications for First Registration in the Property Registration Authority. Dublin Institute of Technology, 4(17), pp. 133-139. Palacios, H., 2016. A comparative between CRISP-DM and SEMMA. Journal of Technology, 3(9), pp. 1-93. Salgado, R., 2016. Data mining and cluster organisations. Database Systems, 7(4), pp. 1-59. Zolotov, I., 2017. Data mining in cloud usage data with Matlab's statistics and machine learning toolbox. London, IEEE.

Tourism and language

Introduction Tourism is beneficial to any country’s economy. It brings people from different cultural backgrounds together. In addition, it connects people who speak different languages. Tourists visit sceneries for various reasons. In this regard, they find themselves in unfamiliar environs.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sometimes tourists face obstacles in their line of activities. These include language barrier, different cultures, remote areas, hostile natives, poor infrastructure, and meager facilities, among others. These are essential elements for successful tourism excursion. However, of great concern to tourist industry is language barrier. Language is very important as it ensures effective interaction and communication with the locals. Language is therefore very important in tourism as it acts as the gateway to local environment. In essence, effective tourism cannot be achieved without proper communication channels. Various countries have initiated language-training centers for minimizing language barrier. This paper will explore various articles on tourism and language. It will also seek to establish its significance in tourism (Jayaprabha and Saredha 267-282). Tourism and language Tourists visit different sites all over the world annually. Most people in Europe and America take time off visiting various sceneries throughout the world. Countries like Egypt, Kenya, Dubai, the United States, and Brazil, among others receive millions of tourists each year. Moreover, due to their varying origins, they speak different languages that require translation for better understanding. In most cases, tourists take time to learn the language of their hosts. This enables them to interact best with the hosts. In some instances, they use tourist guides as interpreters. However, this does not offer better cultural bonding than the former. Tourism language is therefore essential for all prospective tourists. Tourists who wish to visit the United States usually take English tests to allow for good interaction with the hosts. Moreover, those that go to countries in Asia and Africa also take the opportunity to learn local languages like Swahili, mandarin, and Arabic, among others (Cheng, Li, Petrick, and O’Leary 53-61). Scholarly article Remodeling a changing language of tourism: from monologue to dialogue and trialogue This article, by Graham, gives a description of the remodeling of tourism language. Graham gives an account of the top-down approach utilized in the earlier decades of tourism. During these periods, instructions were taken from above, that is from the industry without negotiation by the tourists or the toured.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, tourists would i ncur avoidable expenditure in this structure of management. Tourism industry was therefore framed in accordance with the social control that existed during these periods. The author goes on to state that tourism language was articulated in a monological discourse as well as in unilateral with little chance of diversion. However, this has since changed with the advent of technological advances. Digitalization of communication has proved significant in changing the modernist project witnessed in the nineties. This has allowed for a shift from top down approach to an interactive setup (Dann 59-70). Technological advances such as the advent of the internet, among others, has brought about these changes since customers are able to channel their complaints through the digitized forum for better handing of their grievances. Present evidences show complete transformation of tourism language due to the digitalized communication system. This has brought about egalitarianism as well as ethos o f dialogue, which was once none existent. Moreover, even trialogue can be done successfully in the current situation. In essence, the author gives an account of the changes that have occurred in tourism language over the past century. He therefore concludes that a better democratization has been achieved with the shifting paradigm of media in tourism language. The article is well researched with sources from credible journals among other references. Graham has written numerous publications on tourism and existing trends. He has a deep understanding of the industry and he has done well to relate its complexities with regard to social control. Tourism language has therefore undergone numerous changes over the past century (Dann 59-70). Web article Central America’s language tourism The article emphasizes on the importance of English to groups like Spanish, Italians, and French who attend English classes in Britain. In the process, they see great sceneries and they are referred to as language tourists. This is similar in other cities such as Antigua, Granada, and Leon, among others. These cities have beautiful sceneries that attract large groups of language tourists. For instance, the article gives a description of the happenings in London during summer, when language tourists flock London. During their visits, some of the tourists catch a glimpse of Big Ben and the queen, among others.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They also get an opportunity to interact with locals, which provide them with a combination of learning, culture, and fun. Those who go for Spanish language schools have several tantalizing locations to visit. These include old towns, Mayan lakes, volcanoes, and hammocks among other popular routes for tourists (Mulcair 1). The article also talks of the splendid locations for studying Spanish language at afford able prices. Moreover, it gives tourists an opportunity to interact with the locals in those areas. Hospitality in such areas is essential for it has increased the number of language tourists in those towns. The author goes on to describe possible tourist attraction centers that thrive in Central America. In addition, Mulcair provides listeners with tantalizing elaboration on language tourism in Central America (Lewis 1). The article is well researched by a BBC correspondent who has experience in writing tourism articles. Moreover, the article is balanced with exquisite description of events in intriguing manner. The article also gives fact on old colonial towns in Central America that drives tourism. In addition, it gives details on tourism routes that pass through Mexico. The article; therefore, emphasizes on the importance of language in tourism. It gives evidence of language tourism as a show of this fact (Mulcair 1). Opinions Translating your tourism website in other languages – is it worth it? This article talks about translation of tourism website into different languages to enable access from various people. This is important in tourism since its essence is to invite as many different people as possible. Wintle goes on to describe the various options utilized by website owners to access people from different cultures and languages. In this regard, the author gives a vivid description of the differences that exist between simple translation and multilingual websites. The author does this by exploring the advantages and disadvantages of all the methods provided. Firstly, Wintle explores a simple translate which is also known as Google translate. This method involves on the fly translation of website information by Google translate. Wintle gives its advantages as quick and easy to use. However, the article also mentions its disadvantage as inaccurate. Moreover, search engines cannot pick it. Its presence in other countries is also limited (Wintle 1 ).Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The next option that the author describes is known as the multilingual site. In this case, one or more pages of a website are translated into other languages. It has the advantage of allowing for indexing by search engines. This helps in attracting more traffic and hence tourists. This option incurs a high cost and may be complex to materialize given that each page may require translation. The third option, as Wintle says, is the dedicated websites for each target market. In this case, websites are translated in accordance with the required target language. Wintle believes that this is the best option although it has its associated costs that are quite high. Nonetheless, Wintle agrees that tourism websites require translation into various languages to attract more tourists. The paper is based on Wintle’s opinion, which is derived from research. This viewpoint is quite understandable given the level of explanation and depth involved. Language is therefore quite essential in to urism (Wintle 1). Popular information source English for tourism This article, by Hardwick, emphasizes on the importance of English as an international language. In fact, she states that the language is essential for anybody who deals with tourists from any part of the world. She therefore goes on to elaborate on a course that introduces various aspects of the language for tourism purposes. In this regard, the article tackles the main points in English. Likewise, it emphasizes on essential vocabulary to enhance service delivery in tourism industry. In addition, the article gives description of English for tourism on various areas. These include hotel English, airlines, ethical tourism, destinations, responsible tourism, and business travel, among others. It encourages both tourists and the industry to invest in English as it improves understanding. The website also contains articles written by other professionals like Richard Sidaway, among others. The article contains important inf ormation on hotel amenities that are common in various hotels around the world. In this respect, it tries to educate tourists and tourist guides to have such information at hand for better service delivery in the tourism industry (Hardwick 1). The British council website is a popular information source where various people who range from tourists to students research information that are related to travel requirements and English tests, among others. Information provided in this website must therefore be credible to ensure that only correct information relating to travel and tourism is taken. This source is therefore credible despite not having references as may be given in other scholarly articles. Moreover, information received in the article is meant for a wide range of people. This requires use of understandable language. In this regard, the article has used simple language for universal use and understanding. In addition, the article uses facts based on observations made throug hout the recent past. For instance, English language is well known to be utilized in almost every part of the world (Hardwick 1). Conclusion Tourism and language are inseparable. Language complements tourism and the converse is true. Tourism has developed over the years to allow for interactive liaison between the stakeholders involved. Moreover, it has abandoned the top-down approach previously observed. The articles are quite essential in giving an in-depth description of the relationship between tourism and language. Moreover, they attribute these changes to technological advances that have brought about globalization. In essence, understanding of various languages is essential for success in tourism industry (Hemingway 1). Works Cited Cheng, Chia-Kuen, Li, Xiang, Petrick, James, and O’Leary, Joseph. â€Å"An examination of Tourism Journal development.† Tourism management. 32.1 (2011): 53-61. Web. Dann, Graham. â€Å"Remodeling a changing language of tourism: from monologue to dialogue and trialogue.† Pasos. 10.4 (2012): 59-70. Web. Hardwick, Carolyn. English for tourism. 2012. Web. Hemingway, Alexandra. Using your language skills: Hospitality and tourism. 2012. Web. Jayaprabha, Palanisamy and Saredha, Arumugam. â€Å"Automatic conversion of web content into ontology-based resource description language for tourism domain.† International Journal of innovation and learning. 12.3 (2012): 267-282. Web. Lewis, Benny. Where are all the language tourists? 2012. Web. Mulcair, Amy. â€Å"Central America’s language tourism.† BBC. 28 February 201: 1. Travel. Web. Wintle, Fabienne. Translating your tourism website in other languages – is it worth it? 2012. Web. This research paper on Tourism and language was written and submitted by user Marisol Villarreal to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Miroslava Chavez

Miroslava Chavez The studies about the womens emancipation, rights, and positions in the history can be found in many academic researches. However, Miroslava Chavez-Garcia’s book â€Å"Negotiating Conquest: Gender and Power in California, 1770s-1880s† is known to be one of the most precise researches that covered the dismissed history of so-called â€Å"West women†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Miroslava Chavez-Garcia’s book â€Å"Negotiating Conquest: Gender and Power in California, 1770s-1880s† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study analyzes the methods, which were used by Native and Mexican women to rebel the traditional Mexican, American and Spanish cultures in California rejecting the unstable contingencies from Spanish Catholic imposition in 1770s to Euro-American Protestant capitalist in 1880s. The author proceeds from the Spanish invasion to Mexican period in California in the six cha pters. She focuses on the family relationships, the position of the women, the women rights. The main themes in Miroslavas research are the class, the ethnicity and the gender. Therefore, the main research questions are: How have women dealt with the class-, ethnicity- and gender-based hierarchies given by Mexican men authority? and In which manner were the Mexican mens and womens positions weakened by the Spanish conquest? The basic methodology which was used in the book is chronological approach, as the book covers the period from 1770s to 1880s. We cant but mention the descriptive method, the inter-subject analysis and the data analysis. The author has analyzed much data information, summarized it, and provided the deep analysis. The primary sources used in the research are numerous court cases on local, country and federal levels. In addition, the author researched territorial and local land records; churches, census and city council records; the variety of newspapers and famili es collections of papers. The first chapter is devoted to the sexual violence in the late eighteenth century. The author argues that the understanding of sexual differences was shaped by the Spanish conquest. In addition, she came to the conclusion that women had found many methods to rebel the patriarchs during the Mexican period. She investigates how women got marriage and the process of family immigration according to the Spanish settlement strategy. Due to this strategy, the marriage, Hepatic women and the family were crucial elements in producing the stable society, which was needed for the Spanish conquest.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Examining legitimacy, inheritance, and divorce, the author shows the way in which Mexican womens and mens positions were weakened by the Spanish conquest on the one hand, and the social relationships between the men and Mexican women, on the other hand. Having researched the documents of the legal courts, Miroslava Chavez-Garcia confirmed that the gender issues played a crucial role in California in the periods of Mexican and Spanish eras. Californian, Mexican, and Native American women used the legal system and property rights in Spanish and Mexican California in order to improve their living conditions and achieve independence. According to the author, the women were good at conducting negotiations. In order to achieve the upward mobility, they used Negotiation Conquest. One of the parts of negotiating the womens emancipation and power was negotiating the mens power. Nevertheless, although most of the researched documents were set in 1840s and many parts were lost, the author managed to make the conclusion that women were very good at manipulating. Thus, the women had a right to sue their husbands if they were irresponsible fathers, or illegally owned the lands. The power shift led to the womens independ ence, which, in its turn, led to the decrease of physical abuse among women. In Chapter 4, the author highlights the divorce theme. She claims that the experience of women who sought divorce in California was historically significant, as the possibility to divorce only stimulated the will to challenge the husbands and stop intolerant marriages. The divorce was the only possible opportunity for women to recover their rights for the property, which they owned before marriage. What is more, the majority of women didnt choose the option to divorce, because they didnt want to disturb the principles of morality. However, the minority of those, who asked for divorce, and changed their life for good, made the significant impact on those who couldnt do that. As a result, very soon the number of women who was not afraid of divorce had increased. Miroslava Chavez-Garcias research showed that the legal opportunity to divorce changed the society a lot. Especially, the focus should be made on the peoples way of thinking. Many social changes impacted Spanish-speaking and Native American women after the American conquest of California.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Miroslava Chavez-Garcia’s book â€Å"Negotiating Conquest: Gender and Power in California, 1770s-1880s† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Chapter 5 describes that the changes in the legal and political systems have undermined womens economic status. In addition, ethic biases have greatly affected Native American women curtailing civil and land rights. In 1850-60s the law, according to which Native Americans were excluded from the cultural, social and legal worlds inhabited by Mexicans, Euro-Americans and Californians, was enacted. The most important change, though, was the womens ability to be independent and possibility to sustain their families and themselves. The story in Chapter 6 shows the post-conquest factor with increased ill egitimacy for children, whose mothers were Native American or Spanish women. The abandoned women were forced to seek for economic opportunities somewhere far from Los Angeles. In order to survive and support their children, they had to find other men. The story is very interesting as it shows the women who are ready to protect their children under any circumstances, and their readiness for sacrifice.

Astronaut Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. Biography

Astronaut Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. Biography Its no surprise that there are doctors who have served as NASA astronauts. They are well-trained and particularly suited to study the effects of space flight on human bodies. Thats exactly the case with Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr., who served as an astronaut aboard several shuttle missions beginning in 1991, after serving the agency as a flight surgeon and clinical scientist. He left NASA in 1996 and is a professor of medicine and is CEO and Managing Partner of Vesalius Ventures, which invests in healthcare technologies and related companies. His is a very classic American story of aiming high and reaching amazing goals both on Earth and in space. Dr. Harris has often spoken about challenges that we all face in life and meeting them through determination and empowerment.   Early Life Dr. Harris was born on June 26, 1956, the son of Mrs. Gussie H. Burgess, and Mr. Bernard A. Harris, Sr. A native of Temple, Texas, he graduated from Sam Houston High School, San Antonio, in 1974. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in biology from the University of Houston in 1978 before following that up with a doctorate in medicine from Texas Tech University School of Medicine in 1982. Beginning a Career at NASA After medical school, Dr. Harris completed a residency in internal medicine at the Mayo Clinic in 1985. He joined the NASA Ames Research Center in 1986, and focused his work on the field of musculoskeletal physiology and disuse osteoporosis. He then trained as a flight surgeon at the Aerospace School of Medicine, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, Texas, in 1988. His duties included clinical investigations of space adaptation and the development of countermeasures for extended duration space flight. Assigned to the Medical Science Division, he held the title of Project Manager, Exercise Countermeasure Project. These experiences gave him unique qualifications to work at NASA, where ongoing studies of the effects of spaceflight on the human body continue to be an important focus. Dr. Harris became an astronaut in July 1991. He was assigned as a mission specialist on STS-55, Spacelab D-2, in August 1991, and later flew on board Columbia for ten days. He was part of the payload crew of Spacelab D-2, conducting more research in the physical and life sciences. During this flight, he logged over 239 hours and 4,164,183 miles in space. Later, Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. was the Payload Commander on STS-63 (February 2-11, 1995), the first flight of a new joint Russian-American space program. Mission highlights included the rendezvous with the Russian Space Station, Mir, operation of a variety of investigations in the Spacehab module, and the deployment and retrieval of Spartan 204, an orbiting instrument that studied galactic dust clouds (such as those where stars are born).  During the flight, Dr. Harris became the first African-American to walk in space. He logged 198 hours, 29 minutes in space, completed 129 orbits, and traveled over 2.9 million miles. In 1996, Dr. Harris departed NASA and received a masters degree in biomedical science from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. He later served as Chief Scientist and Vice-president of Science and Health Services, and then as Vice President, SPACEHAB, Inc. (now known as Astrotech), where he was involved in business development and marketing of the companys space-based products and services. Later, he was vice-president of business development for Space Media, Inc., establishing an international space education program for students. He is currently serving on the board of the National Math and Science Initiative and has served as a consultant to NASA on a variety of life-science and safety-related issues. Dr. Harris is a member of the American College of Physicians, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Aerospace Medical Association, National Medical Association, American Medical Association, Minnesota Medical Association, Texas Medical Association, Harris County Medical Society, Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society, Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Texas Tech University Alumni Association, and Mayo Clinic Alumni Association. Aircraft Owners and Pilot Association. Association of Space Explorers. American Astronautical Society, a member of the board of directors of the Boys and Girls Club of Houston. Committee Member, Greater Houston Area Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, and a member, Board of Directors, Manned Space Flight Education Foundation Inc. He has also received many honors from science and medical societies and remains active in research and business.

Critical review of Rheumatoid arthritis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical review of Rheumatoid arthritis - Essay Example However, RA involves an attack on the body by its own immune cells (auto-immune disease). Different cases may have different causes. Infectious, genetic, and hormonal factors may play a role. The disease can occur at any age, but it begins most often between the ages of 25 and 55. The disease is more common in older people. Women are affected 2.5 times more often than men. Approximately 1-2% of the total population is affected. The course and the severity of the illness can vary considerably. The onset of the disease is usually gradual, with fatigue, morning stiffness (lasting more than one hour), diffuse muscular aches, loss of appetite, and weakness. Eventually, joint pain appears, with warmth, swelling, tenderness, and stiffness of the joint after inactivity. Joint involvement in RA usually affects both sides of the body equally -- the arthritis is therefore referred to as symmetrical. Wrists, fingers, knees, feet, and ankles are the most commonly affected joints. Severe disease is associated with larger joints that contain more synovium (joint lining). When the synovium becomes inflamed, it secretes more fluid and the joint becomes swollen. Later, the cartilage becomes rough and pitted. The underlying bone eventually becomes affected. Joint destruction begins 1-2 years after the appearance of the disease. Characteristic deformities result from cartilage destruction, bone erosions, and tendon inflammation and rupture. A life-threatening joint complication can occur when the cervical spine becomes unstable as a result of RA. Other features of the disease that do not involve the joints may occur. Rheumatoid nodules are painless, hard, round or oval masses that appear under the skin, usually on pressure points, such as the elbow or Achilles tendon. These are present in about 20% of cases and tend to reflect more severe disease. On occasion, they appear in the eye where they sometimes cause inflammation. If they occur in the lungs, inflammation of the lining of the lung (pleurisy) may occur, causing shortness of breath. Anemia may occur due to failure of the bone marrow to produce enough new red cells to make up for the lost ones. Iron supplements will not usually help this condition because iron utilization in the body becomes impaired. Other blood abnormalities can also be found, for example, platelet counts that are either too high or too low. Rheumatoid vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels) is a serious complication of RA and can be life-threatening. It can lead to skin ulcerations (and subsequent infections), bleeding stomach ulcers (which can lead to massive hemorrhage), and neuropathies (nerve problems causing pain, numbness or tingling). Vasculitis may also affect the brain, nerves, and heart causing strokes, sensory neuropathies (numbness and tingling), heart attacks, or heart failure. Heart complications of RA commonly affect the outer lining of the heart. When inflamed, the condition is referred to as pericarditis. Inflammation of heart muscle, called myocarditis, can also develop. Both of these conditions can lead to congestive heart failure characterized by shortness of breath and fluid accumulation in the lung. Lung involvement is frequent in RA. Fibrosis of the lung tissue leads to shortness of breath and has been reported to occur in 20% of patients with RA. Inflammation of the